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California air quality regulators have fined Valero's Benicia refinery $3.25 million for 118 environmental violations, adding to the operational burdens of the state's energy sector. This enforcement action coincides with a deepening regional crisis, as California gasoline prices approach $6 per gallon amid an accelerated decline in in-state oil production this month. Furthermore, intensifying disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz are exacerbating the fuel crisis by threatening external supply chains. The convergence of strict regulatory penalties and dwindling local output is placing significant pressure on regional fuel capacity. Consequently, the combination of geopolitical risks and domestic production shortfalls underscores a growing threat to California's energy security and retail price stability.
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