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The Philly Fed Business Conditions index, often referred to as the General Business Activity index, is a key component of the Manufacturing Business Outlook Survey. It measures the sentiment of manufacturing executives in the Third Federal Reserve District regarding the overall business environment. As one of the earliest regional manufacturing reports released each month, it is highly anticipated as a precursor to the national ISM Manufacturing PMI.
The index is calculated as a diffusion index: the percentage of respondents reporting an increase in activity minus the percentage reporting a decrease. A reading above zero indicates expansion, while below zero indicates contraction.